gunicorn: Serve Python Web Applications over HTTP

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Overview

Gunicorn is an application server that runs Python web applications and handles HTTP requests, allowing frameworks such as Django and Flask to serve traffic without implementing their own server. Its pre-fork worker model runs application requests in separate worker processes managed by a master process.

It is intended for developers and operators deploying Python services on UNIX systems. Use it when you need a configurable server for WSGI applications, or when its newer ASGI support fits your application. See the official repository and documentation for deployment details.

Key Features

Runs WSGI applications across Python web frameworks.
Supports ASGI applications, including FastAPI and Starlette.
Offers sync, gthread, gevent, and ASGI worker types.
Manages worker processes with graceful shutdown and restart behavior.
Supports the uWSGI binary protocol for nginx integration.
Includes beta HTTP/2 support and beta Dirty Arbiters for heavy workloads.

Use Cases

Django or Flask teams need an application server to run a WSGI service on UNIX.
Operators want to configure worker types and process management for a Python web deployment.
FastAPI, Starlette, or Quart developers want to run an ASGI application with Gunicorn.
Services integrated with nginx need a server that supports the uWSGI binary protocol.

Project Facts

Language: Python
License: NOASSERTION
Stars: 10.7k
Forks: 1.9k
Topics: http, http-server, python, wsgi, wsgi-server
Archived: false

Getting Started

Install Gunicorn and start a WSGI application:

pip install gunicorn
gunicorn myapp:app --workers 4

For configuration and deployment guidance, see the README and documentation.

Considerations

Gunicorn targets UNIX systems, so confirm the deployment environment fits that requirement.
HTTP/2 and Dirty Arbiters are identified as beta features, so treat them as experimental.
ASGI support is available, but select and configure an appropriate worker for the application.
The supplied repository metadata reports the license as NOASSERTION, while the README says the project is released under MIT. Check the repository's LICENSE file when verifying license terms.